Collaboration
and Publications
Analytical Method Validation & Instrument Performance Verification
by Chung Chow Chan, Herman Lam, Y. C. Lee , & Xue-Ming, Zhang
This book describes the procedures used to analyze pharmaceutical products so that the data generated will comply with the requirements of regulatory bodies of the US, Canada, Europe and Japan. Calibration of Instruments describes the process of fixing, checking or correcting the graduations of instruments so that they comply with those regulatory bodies.
Practical Approaches to Method Validation and Essential Instrument Qualification
by Chung Chow Chan, Herman Lam, & Xue-Ming, Zhang
Complementing the authors' first book, this book discusses practical approaches to ensure that analytical methods and instruments meet GMP standards and requirements and provides coverage of more advanced topics, focusing on additional and supplmental methods, instruments, and electronic systems that are used in pharmaceutical, and clinical settings.
Bacteria Resistance to Antibiotics Collaboration with the University of Toronto
Antimalarial Therapy Selection for Quinolone Resistance among Escherichia coli in the Absence of Quinolone Exposure, in Tropical South America.
PLoS ONE July 16, 2008. 3(7): e2727. R. J. Davidson, I. Davis, B. M. Willey, K. Rizg, S. BOlotin, V. Porter, J. Polsky, N. Daneman, A. McGeer, P. Yang, D. Scolnik, R. Rowsell, O. Imas, M. S. Silverman

The project studied bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Antibiotics are thought to develop only in the presence of antibiotic pressure. Over four years, samples collected from outreach clinic attendees in one moderately remote and five very remote villages in rural Guyana were surveyed for the presence of rectal carriage of ciprofloxacin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). Drinking water was tested for the presence of resistant GNB by culture, and the presence of antibacterial agents and chloroquine by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry for targeted and non-targeted antibiotics. We show evidence to suggest that fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli has developed in the absence of fluoroquinolone use.
Emerging Substances of Concern Collaboration with the University of Toronto
Monitoring of Emerging Substances of Concern (ESOCs) using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
P. Yang, V. Nguyen and R. Farnood, 2013, Association of Official Anal. Chemistry Annual Meeting

The project discussed the analysis ESOCs samples from waste water treatment plant. A new analytical workflow for the quantitative analysis of 52 ESOCs and qualitative screening of more than 378 targeted ESOCs, including known environmental degradation and treatment by-products, is presented. Field samples were collected from surface water and waste water treatment plant effluents and solid phase extracted. Samples were separated without cleanup using a high performance liquid chromatograph (LC) and analyzed by a high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer (HRMS). Extracted ion chromatograms were generated using a mass extraction window of 5 ppm, eliminating matrix interferences observed in LC-tandem mass spectrometric analysis. Quantitative results for the 52 targeted compounds and semi-quantitative data from ESPCs identified in the qualitative screening can be obtained from one HPLC-HRMS analysis with good quality control.
Estrogenicity in Waste Water
Correlation of Estrogenicity in Wastewater Using Effect-directed Analyses and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry P. Yang, L. Sui, S. Popa, V. Pileggi, S. Bonte-Gelok, M. Nowiersky, S. Kleywegt, D. Morse and T. Fletcher

The mobilization of anthropogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) into the environment from run-off after land application of municipal biosolids is a concern for municipalities, regulators and the research community. Studies on EDCs such as estrogens, have found them in both the run-off, tile drainage from fields that have received biosolids, and in vegetables grown on biosolids amended sites. This project studied the use of in-vitro bioassays Estrogen Receptor Chemical-Activated LUciferase gene eXpression (ER-CALUX) method to complement chemical analysis using to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Should results of ER-CALUX above a threshold value, samples will then be subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis. Therefore, facilitate the workload of LC-MS/MS analyses. We analyzed biosolids samples collected from waste water treatment plants by ER-CALUX and LC-MS/MS at the low part-per trillion level (ng/L, ppt) detection limits for compounds of known estrogenic effects (e.g., bisphenol A, equilin, estrone, β-estradiol, estriol and 17-α-ethinylestradiol).